New EPC Regulations for Private Rental Properties

New Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) regulations require privately rented properties to achieve a minimum EPC rating of C by 1 October 2030. A phased implementation will begin earlier, with the standard applying to new tenancies from 2028. Properties that cannot meet the requirement must have a valid registered exemption.

In June 2025, a new and more detailed assessment methodology—RDSAP10—was introduced to improve the accuracy of EPC assessments.

Key Changes and Timelines for Landlords

• June 2025: Introduction of RDSAP10, a more detailed EPC assessment methodology focusing on accurate wall measurements, insulation levels, and lighting efficiency.

• 1 October 2025: All improvement expenditure will count towards a revised and higher cost cap for energy efficiency upgrades.

• 2028: All new tenancies must have a minimum EPC rating of C.

• 1 October 2029: EPC assessments will transition to the new Home Energy Model (HEM), replacing the current Environmental Efficiency Rating (EER) methodology.

• 1 October 2030: All private rental properties, including existing tenancies, must achieve a minimum EPC rating of C, unless a valid exemption is registered.

EPC Improvement Strategies

Landlords may need to implement a range of energy efficiency improvements to meet the new requirements, including:

• Insulation: Upgrading loft and wall insulation to reduce heat loss—particularly important for older properties.

• Heating Systems: Installing modern, energy-efficient systems such as heat pumps.

• Windows and Lighting: Replacing windows with double or triple glazing and upgrading lighting to LED throughout the property.

• Renewable Technology: Installing solar photovoltaic (PV) systems and battery storage, where suitable.

Compliance and Penalties

• Valid Exemptions: If a property cannot reasonably achieve an EPC rating of C, landlords must register an exemption on the PRS Exemptions Register.

• Penalties: Failure to comply with the Minimum Energy Efficiency Standards (MEES) can result in fines of up to £5,000 per property, and in some cases up to £30,000.

• Current Requirement: Since 1 April 2023, all privately rented properties must have a minimum EPC rating of E.